#: locale=en
## Action
### PDF
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### URL
LinkBehaviour_B25670CB_A8D2_7129_41D0_D45157B3C74F.source = https://darmuseum.org
LinkBehaviour_B25600CB_A8D2_7129_41E0_E1093362DCE4.source = https://thealsabahcollection.org
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## Media
### Audio
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### Audio Subtitles
### Floorplan
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### Video Subtitles
## Popup
### Body
htmlText_17E9196F_6D8A_A4FB_4197_9E911C87F33C.html = Alabaster head of a woman with braids
The female head was part of a sculpture in the round. She may represent a devotee or a goddess. Her hairstyle is similar to that of the bronze statue (LNS 1802 M).
South Arabia, Qataban, 1st century CE
LNS 548 S
Bronze ibex on a base
Inscribed on the base with an offering to Hawkam, whose symbol appears at the beginning of the text. The symbol found at the end of the inscription is unknown, and probably refers to the dynasty currently reigning over Maryamat. The addition of the dedicant’s patronymic indicates a royal rank. ‘Adi Harib (ancient Maryamat, central Yemen, south of Ma’rib), c. 700–650 BCE
LNS 1722 M
Commemorative bronze plaque
Dedicated by three brothers, who offered their own being and that of their nine sons and descendants to Hawkam, god of Maryamat in the kingdom of Qataban. The dedicants attest that their family has long been favoured by the king of Qataban, who ,entrusted their father with building the city walls and that they have benefited from divine protection both in war and while carrying out the duties assigned to them by the king of Qataban.
‘Adi Harib (ancient Maryamat, central Yemen, south of Ma’rib), c. 5th century BCE
LNS 1756 M
Figure representing prince
Three bronze representations of princes clad in Greco-Roman style military armour from first century South Arabia. Their outstretched arms indicating that they might be demanding attention and requesting silence before an address made to spur on their troops before a battle or military campaign.
Possibly ‘Adi Harib (ancient Maryamat, central Yemen, south of Ma’rib), 1st century CE
LNS 1646 M
Gold band
Gold inscribed votive band, covered on one
face with an inscription.
South Arabia, Saba’, 2nd century BCE
LNS 5190 J
Inscription:
Ghayfat {wife} of Harwah’il dedicates to Athirat mistress of {the sanctuary} Mkhlym the two bracelets and her son Fara‘karib
Gold bracelet
Low-alloy gold bracelet formed of a hammered hollow tube and flat on the ends.
South Arabia,1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5075 J
Gold bracelets
Six open-ended plain gold bracelets with engraved ends.
South Arabia, 1st century BCE–1st century CE
LNS 5073 J a–f
Gold dagger
Gold dagger and scabbard decorated with cloisonné enamel.
South Arabia, 1st–3rd century CE
LNS 5025 J a–b
Offering of a dromedary
Bronze votive offering in the form of a dromedary, with its head held up, raised hind legs, a halter around its neck and an engraved saddle cloth. Offered to dhu Samawi, god of the Amir tribe. Wadi al-Shudayf (between Yemeni Jawf and Najran, Saudi Arabia), 2nd–3rd century CE
LNS 1714 M
Offering of a dromedary
Two riders on a bronze dromedary offered during a confession to ‘the master of the sanctuary of Yagharu’ (the god dhu Samawi).
The long inscription engraved on the body of the dromedary and on the back of the second rider is almost undecipherable and probably related to a specific story represented by the scene. Wadi al-Shudayf (between Yemeni Jawf and Najran, Saudi Arabia), 2nd–3rdd century CE
LNS 1715 M
Offering of bull protomes
Pair of bronze bull protomes (head and front part of the animal), inscribed on outline discs with a reference to an offering, possibly to a temple or palace, totalling 200 pieces.
South Arabia, 1st century CE
LNS 1701 M a–b
Offering table
Carved from alabaster, possibly part of a temple or house furnishings, decorated on the edge with sacred bulls᾿ heads, with floral elements between their horns.
South Arabia, 2nd–3rd century CE
LNS 121 S
Pair of gold earrings
Cylindrical earrings, decorated with parallel rows of large granules.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5183 J a–b
Pair of gold earrings
Elongated horn-shaped gold earrings
decorated with large granules. The small
rings on the ends of the earrings probably
served to attach further decorative gold
accessories.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5186 J a–b
Pairs of gold children’s bracelets
Pairs of gold twisted-wire children’s bracelets with bull head terminals and a pair of twisted-wire adult finger rings.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5076 J a–d
Rhyton
Carved from fine limestone, terminating in an adorned kneeling lady, inscribed on the rim: Wadd {is} father. Wadd is the name of a god. South Arabia, 1st century BCE–1st century CE
LNS 398 S
Sandstone statuette
A female statuette with painted decoration.
The generous rounded forms, together with the position of the arms, recall the female idols that have been interpreted as goddesses of fertility and prosperity. Scattered traces of red pigment are still visible, as well as black, which was used to draw straight and wavy lines all over the statue’s surface.
Yemen, Bronze Age, 4th–3rd millennium BCE
LNS 537 S
Sandstone statuette
A female statuette with painted decoration.
The generous rounded forms, together with the position of the arms, recall the female idols that have been interpreted as goddesses of fertility and prosperity. Scattered traces of red pigment are still visible, as well as black, which was used to draw straight and wavy lines all over the statue’s surface.
Yemen, Bronze Age, 4th–3rd millennium BCE
LNS 537 S
Silver bowl
Decorated with a band of eagles perched on human heads alternating with rearing ibexes with smaller ibexes on their backs, flanking a palm tree underneath which are seated two individuals, below which is a narrow band of birds encircling a central floral motif. A short inscription, between an eagle and an ibex gives the name of the artist, Mukhabba’. South Arabia, 2nd century BCE–1st century CE
LNS 1831 M
Silver box
Small cylindrical box, once fitted with a knob finial.
South Arabia, c. 250–300 CE
LNS 1784 M
Silver jug
Dedicated by king Malikwaqih Rayd to the god ‘Athtar dhu-Garb in Nashshan. The monogram groups the six letters of the man’s name, Mlkwqh, and the epithet ‘Rayd’ indicates that he was of royal ,rank. The god ‘Athtar dhu-Garb was particular to the city and kingdom of Nashshan. al-Sawda (ancient Nashshan, Yemeni Jawf), c. 700 BCE
LNS 1725 M
Votive figurines
Three adjoined couples carved from fine limestone, possibly representing a husband and wife or siblings and probably intended as a votive or for funerary function.
South Arabia, 1st century BCE–2nd century CE
LNS 446 S, LNS 447 S, LNS 448 S
Votive stela
Carved from alabaster, dedicated by a minister of the kingdom of Ma‘in to his personal god, Sahar. Ma‘in-City (ancient Qarna, Yemeni Jawf),
650–600 BCE
LNS 435 S
Architectural decoration
Bronze mount representing a snarling lion᾿s head and its foreparts on an inscribed base, probably an architectural element with a decorative function.
South Arabia, 5th–4th century BCE
LNS 1688 M a–b
Bronze beaker
Decorated with the representation of a bearded figure wearing a knee-length wrap-up cloth (wizar) and holding a bucket in the left hand. With the right hand, he is in the attitude of blessing. It is worthy of note that the iconography evokes spirits fertilizing trees on Assyrian reliefs.
South Arabia, 1st century BCE
LNS 1736 M
Bronze beaker
Probably for use during ,rituals or ablutions,
inscribed with an offering to the Sabaean god Sami‘. South Arabia, Yemeni Jawf, 1st century CE
LNS 1821 M
Bronze bowl
Decorated in the centre with a so-called rosebud motif surrounded by scenes from a hunt that include a chariot and charioteer, a man holding a spear, lions, a bull and a winged sphinx.
South Arabia: bowl, 6th–4th century BCE; later inscription, 1st century BCE–1st century CE
LNS 1657 M
Bronze goblet
Silvered and partially gilded, property of Abil’asad. Inscribed around the rim with the name Abil’asad son of Zaydat, the Hibshanide, the Ghalwanite, had commissioned the two altars and the goblet inside their palace.
Probably from the Wadi al-Shudayf (between Yemeni Jawf and Najran in Saudi Arabia), c. 200 CE
LNS 1824 M
Bronze ibex head
The ibex head must have once belonged to a similar type of statuette as that of the ibex fitted on the inscribed base (LNS 1722 M).
‘Adi Harib (ancient Maryamat, central Yemen, south of Ma’rib), 700–650 BCE
LNS 1781 M
Bronze ibex
Once placed in a temple dedicated to the god Hawkam, it features an inscription that refers to a sumptuous offering of no less than ten ibexes to the temple and indicates that the offering was made to thank the god for his beneficence and secure the protection of the people of Maryamat. Representations of ibexes, be it in architecture, in a religious or ornamental context, were widespread in South Arabia. ‘Adi Harib (ancient Maryamat, central Yemen, south of Ma’rib), 2nd half of the 1st century BCE
LNS 1677 M
Bronze mirror
Mirror with a gilded silver handle decorated with Dionysiac scenes, and an inscription indicating it belongs to a lady Labu’.
Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, south-west of Shabwa), c. 150–200 CE
LNS 1686 M
Inscription:
Labu’ she of {the house of} Qasm has deposited
Bronze pan
Possibly used for handwashing at banquets, the handle is decorated with a mythical creature and animals. An inscription on the edge of the bowl indicates that it belongs to
Haramiyyat.
South Arabia, 1st-3rd CE
LNS 1670 M
Bronze plaque
Inscribed plaque decorated with triangles offered by the Qatabanian Namir son of Yan‘im to the god Hawkam and to the deities of the temple of Shab‘an. ‘Adi Harib (ancient ,Maryamat, central Yemen, south of Ma’rib), early 1st century CE
LNS 1750 M
Bronze sphinx
Statuette of a winged sphinx standing on a base, wearing a cap and adorned with a
necklace. South Arabia, 6th century BCE
LNS 1700 M
Bronze statue of Athena
Statue of the Greco-Roman goddess Athena. Wadi al-Shudayf (between Yemeni Jawf and Najran, Saudi Arabia), 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 1803 M
Inscription:
Bishr daughter of Ghazizat, of {the house of} Milkan, has offered to the Master of Yagharu for her well-being and that of her son
Bronze statue
A crowned woman with braids. Inscribed below the abdomen with a dedication to the god dhu-Samawi.
Possibly Wadi al-Shudayf (between Yemeni Jawf and Najran, Saudi Arabia), 1st century CE
LNS 1802 M
Inscription:
Gad‘al daughter of the dhat-Radan has offered to dhu-Samawi
Crowned statuette
Bronze figure representing a priestess or follower of the goddess ‘Ithtar ‘Arar, named Radwat. The author of the text carved on the garment is the father of Radwat.
South Arabia, Yemeni Jawf, 1st century BCE
LNS 1687 M
Inscription:
Sa‘d’il dhu-Dawr has offered to the goddess ‘Ithtar ‘Arar his daughter Radwat
Figure representing prince
Three bronze representations of princes clad in Greco-Roman style military armour from first century South Arabia. Their outstretched arms indicating that they might be demanding attention and requesting silence before an address made to spur on their troops before a battle or military campaign.
Possibly ‘Adi Harib (ancient Maryamat, central Yemen, south of Ma’rib), 1st century CE
LNS 1776 M
Figure representing prince
Three bronze representations of princes clad in Greco-Roman style military armour from first century South Arabia. Their outstretched arms indicating that they might be demanding attention and requesting silence before an address made to spur on their troops before a battle or military campaign.
Possibly ‘Adi Harib (ancient Maryamat, central Yemen, south of Ma’rib), 1st century CE
LNS 1800 M
Figurine of a dromedary
Decorated fine limestone figurine standing on a base.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 395 S
Frieze fragment
Fragment of a monumental calcite alabaster frieze, in which this ibex was probably one of a pair that were installed on either side of the entrance to a temple or other form of religious edifice.
South Arabia, 8th–7th century BCE
LNS 413 S
Funerary male portrait
Carved from alabaster with a long neck that must have been inserted into a base on which the name of the deceased was carved.
South Arabia, Qataban, 1st century BCE–1st century CE
LNS 409 S
Funerary male portrait
Carved from alabaster, with a long neck that must havFunerary male portrait Carved from alabaster, with a long neck that must have been inserted into a base on which the name of the deceased was carved. The beard and hair may have originally been painted black. South Arabia, Qataban, 3rd–2nd century BCE
LNS 408 S
Funerary stela
Carved from limestone and covered with red paint, representing the face of a man, and inscribed with the name of a deceased Minaean man called Sahiyat.
South Arabia, Yemeni Jawf, 3rd century BCE
LNS 534 S
Funerary stela
Carved from limestone with the face of a man with chinstrap beard, engraved with the name Zayd. South Arabia, Yemeni Jawf, 3rd–2nd century BCE
LNS 433 S
Gold amulet case
Cylindrical gold amulet case fitted with four loops for suspension and one removable end for insertion of a good luck charm material.
The inscription invokes the blessing of the god Nasr (and his minister) upon a man named Wahabshab‘an.
Possibly al-Bayda (ancient Nashq, Yemeni Jawf), 2nd century CE
LNS 5029 J
Inscription: Protective amulet of Nasr and his minister upon Wahabshab‘an
Gold amulet
Crescent-shaped gold amulet decorated with granulated triangles and inscribed with the name ‘Ammidhakhar, which means “My Uncle has chosen”. The expression “my {paternal} Uncle” is one of the kinship terms often found in onomastics to designate an unnamed god.
South Arabia, 6th–5th century BCE
LNS 5071 J
Gold amulet
Cylindrical gold amulet case fitted with four loops for suspension and one removable end for insertion of apotropaic material. The inscription invokes the blessing of the sun goddess Shams upon a man named Wahabshab‘an (as in the amulet LNS 5029 J).
Possibly al-Bayda (ancient Nashq, Yemeni Jawf), 2nd century CE
LNS 5019 J
Inscription:
Protective amulet of Shams upon Wahabshab‘an
Gold amulet
Gold crowned bull’s head amulet, with stringing holes, on the sides above the eyes and below the snout.
South Arabia, 1st century BCE–1st century CE
LNS 5055 J
Gold bowl
Decorated with an ibex hunting scene, a dromedary mating scene and a battle scene between a centaur and a hybrid mythical creature from a Hellenistic repertoire. A short inscription on the exterior indicates that the bowl belongs to a lady by the name of Labu’, who also owned the mirror (LNS 1686 M), the silver bowl (LNS 1771 M) and the gilded silver box (LNS 1695 M). Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, south-west of Shabwa), c. 150–200 CE
LNS 1830 M
Inscription: Labu’ she of {the house of Qasm has deposited
Gold earrings
Boat-shaped earrings, of a type that originated during the Mycenaean period (1500–1100 BCE) and continued until the 4th century BCE, becoming progressively more elaborate, in Greek fashion.
South Arabia, 7th–4th century BCE
LNS 5140 J a–k
Gold finger ring
Gold ring set with a banded agate seal engraved with the image of a lion and three letters which read y (at the top) and hy (at the bottom), perhaps giving the name Yahya.
South Arabia, 1st century–2nd century CE
LNS 5114 J
Gold finger ring
Gold ring with flat bezel inscribed Abibahath dhat Himyam, most likely a lady’s first name.
South Arabia, 1st–2ndcentury CE
LNS 5065 J
Gold finger ring
Gold ring with flat hoop and flat bezel inscribed with the letters Tdhm surrounded by punched dots.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5064 J
Gold finger ring
Gold ring with paired twisted wire shank, the flat bezel engraved with the letters, g, b, and t or h, Gbt/Gbh, that gives no known name.
South Arabia, 1st century BCE–2nd century CE
LNS 5067 J
Gold ladle
Miniature gold ladle with handle fitted with two loops and terminated with stacked shot.
South Arabia, 1st century CE
LNS 5027 J
Guardian deity
Carved from limestone, representing a seated lady of the type known as “ancestor”, possibly representing a household or tomb guardian deity.
South Arabia, Yemeni Jawf, mid-1st millennium BCE
LNS 436 S
Head of a female worshipper
Carved from alabaster with pierced earlobes for adornment with earrings. The hair, which is now missing, would probably have been created using plaster. The black stains on the sculpture result from fire.
South Arabia, Qataban, 2nd–1st century BCE
LNS 424 S
Incense burner
Bronze incense burner comprised of a censer at the front of which is a panel framed by two snakes flanking the religious symbol of a moon crescent and astral disc, and a projecting shelf on which stands an ibex, possibly for use as a handle. The incense burner must have been intended for a temple, but the abraded dedication makes it difficult to identify the location. The interior of the brazier still retains traces of resins’ combustion.
South Arabia, 700–650 BCE
LNS 1833 M a–b
Incense burner
Carved from limestone with a censer decorated with the crescent moon and astral disc motif, flanked by rearing ibexes. Different types of incense burners were offerings found in temples or were part of house shrines or tombs.
South Arabia, 3rd–1st century BCE
LNS 427 S
Incense burner
Painted sandstone incense burner with perforated lid, of a well-known South Arabian type. The incense known as luban was used in ancient Yemen for religious rites in temples, during funerals and in domestic shrines.
South Arabia, 1st century BCE–1st century CE
LNS 396 S
Large bronze plaque
Plaque inscribed with an offering to the god Hawkam. ‘Adi Harib (ancient Maryamat, central Yemen, south of
Ma’rib), 3rd–2nd century BCE
LNS 1775 M
Letters from the South Arabian alphabet
Bronze letters, probably part of a monumental inscription from the facade of an edifice, representing the letters “y ṯ q l”, which either give the name of the building or, less likely, that of the owner. The only possible significance of this assemblage of letters points to a current Semitic root such as TQL, which represents an unknown name such as Ytql. South Arabia, 5th–2nd century BCE
LNS 1741 M
Necklace
Randomly strung necklace in a modern arrangement, with ancient gold elements and semiprecious stone beads.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5061 J
Necklace
Randomly strung necklace in a modern arrangement, with ancient gold elements, agate, jasper, amethyst, rock crystal and glass beads, as well as gold domical and spheroidal pendants.
South Arabia, 4th century CE.
LNS 5083 J
Necklace
Randomly strung necklace in a modern arrangement, with ancient gold lunar pendants as well as three-pronged elements and banded agate beads.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5092 J
Necklace
Randomly strung necklace in a modern arrangement, with very small gold pendants and elements of stacked shot, and banded agate beads.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5063 J
Necklace
Randomly strung necklace with a granulated ancient gold pendant, gold beads, and configurations of stacked shot, between which are agate beads.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5099 J
Necklace
Randomly strung necklace with two ancient agate seals, spheroidal and long tubular gold beads as well as spacer beads of stacked granules, tubular banded agate and a white orbicular agate bead.
South Arabia, 1st century CE
LNS 5077 J
Offering of a ram’s head
Bronze ram’s head, naturalistically modelled, with a tuft of curly locks, eyes inlaid with stucco and perforated truncated horns. Two rings on the top of the head and holes perforated on the back served to fix the object on a wall or other support.
South Arabia, 1st–3rd century CE
LNS 1702 M
Ornament
Consisting of gold chains and earrings. The chains consist of linked wire loops strung with small gold beads, which suspend crescent shaped earrings, decorated with rows of stacked granules.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5070 J a–b
Pair of gilded silver bowls
Exquisitely decorated on the exterior. Below the rim, an inscription that covers an older one might imply that the artisan made a mistake that needed to be rectified or simply that the patron requested a change. The inscription refers to a Himyarite prince named Lahay‘athat ibn Sumhusami‘, who might be identified as the prince who rebelled against his sovereign, Yuhaqim son of Dhamar‘ali Dharih, king of Saba’ and ,dhu-Raydan (c. 85–100 CE). Baynun (ancient Baynun, south of San‘a, Yemen), 85–100 CE
LNS 1352 M a–b
Pair of gold earrings
Comprised of a disc decorated with configurations of granules and suspended
spiralling wires.
South Arabia, 1st–3rd century CE
LNS 5069 J a–b
Pair of gold earrings
Crescent-shaped earrings decorated with rows of circlets, granules and twisted wire, related to the decoration of the earrings
(LNS 5021 J a–b).
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5179 J a–b
Pair of gold earrings
Crescent-shaped earrings decorated with rows of circlets, granules and twisted
wire.
South Arabia, 1st–2nd century CE
LNS 5021 J a–b
Pair of gold earrings
Semi-circular earrings related in form to Syrian, Nabataean-Roman earrings, and made with more complex decorations using wire and granulation.
South Arabia, 1st-2nd century CE
LNS 5178 J a–b
Pair of silver bracelets
Pair of silver cuff bracelets decorated with confronted winged griffins above a lady’s bust, below are two winged youths seated on
lions, interspersed with garnet cabochons.
South Arabia, 2nd century CE
LNS 5042 J a–b
Sandstone statuette
A male statuette with a belt and shoulder strap. The strap depicted worn across the chest, along with the belt, which has an oval clasp, is used to represent a warrior or a hunter. Apart from the head, the entire surface of the statue is painted red.
Yemen, Bronze Age, 4th–3rd millennium BCE
LNS 536 S
Sandstone statuette
A male statuette with a belt and shoulder strap. The strap depicted worn across the chest, along with the belt, which has an oval clasp, is used to represent a warrior or a hunter. Apart from the head, the entire surface of the statue is painted red.
Yemen, Bronze Age, 4th–3rd millennium BCE
LNS 536 S
Shallow bowl
Carved from alabaster with tall foot ring, possibly for inclusion among grave goods. South Arabia, 2nd century CE
LNS 449 S
Silver bowl
Inscribed just below the rim with the name of the dedicant, Husay‘ dhu-Mikrab son of Madhkhar who deposited the bowl, either as an offering to his domestic deities, Kahl and ‘Athtar Yaghil, or to invoke their protection. Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, south-west of Shabwa), c. 250–300 CE
LNS 1770 M
Silver bowl
Silver bowl with an inscription indicating it belongs to a lady by the name of Labu’.
Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, south-west of Shabwa), c. 150–200 CE
LNS 1771 M
Inscription: Labu’ she of {the house of} Qasm has deposited
Silver box
Gilded silver box belonging to a lady by the name of Labu’. The single name is engraved both on the container and on its lid. Labu’ is the lady who also owned the mirror (LNS 1686 M), the gold bowl (LNS 1830 M) and the silver bowl (LNS 1771 M).
Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, south-west of Shabwa), c. 150–200 CE
LNS 1695 M a
Silver box
Inscribed on the lid and below the rim with the name Husay‘ and his patronymic ‘son of Madhkhar’. The box must have belonged to the same individual as the silver bowl (LNS 1770 M) as it features an identical name. Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, south-west of Shabwa), c. 250–300 CE
LNS 1786 M
Silver box
Small cylindrical box with knob handle
and with rim and base encircled by a band of paired lines, possibly intended to outline an inscription.
South Arabia, c. 250–300 CE
LNS 1785 M
Silver casket
Gilded silver casket belonging to Raf’at, decorated with scenes associated with a bride in the presence of a winged character, attendants dancing and playing musical instruments, women, and a standing god carrying wheat and pomegranates, symbols of fertility and abundance.
Possibly Qataban (Hajar Kuhlan or Hinu al-Zurayr), 2nd century CE
LNS 1640 M a–b
Inscriptions:
Raf’at of {the house of} Shahaz has deposited for {the goddess} dhat Basar with her taxes inside her palace
Silver casket
Gilded silver toiletry casket belonging to Ahqabna’an, decorated with scenes associated with Bacchic rituals and male gladiators fighting wild animals.
South Arabia, 2nd-3rd century CE
LNS 1693 M a–b
Inscription: Ahqabna’an daughter of Abisa‘d, of {the house of} Yakrub’il, has deposited
Silver casket
Gilded silver toiletry casket belonging to ‘Afthamat, decorated with scenes associated with a bride in the presence of a winged woman, probably Shams, the goddess of the house, attendants, dancing and playing musical instruments, women, and a standing god carrying wheat and pomegranates, symbols of fertility and abundance.
South Arabia, 2nd century CE
LNS 1692 M a–b
Inscription:
‘Afthamat of {the house of} Kurayb dhu-Qayhan
Silver casket
Lidded casket serving to store small objects,
possibly jewels or toiletry articles, and decorated with scrolls of vine stems.
South Arabia, 3rd century CE
LNS 1783 M
Silver ladle
Ladle with feline head finial and duck heads resting on the ladle bowl. Inscribed around the bowl with the name Ghashn son of Ghalyat the Ghalwanite, the individual who commissioned it.
Probably from the Wadi al-Shudayf (between Yemeni Jawf and Najran in Saudi Arabia), 2nd century CE
LNS 1667 M
Silver ladle
Ladle with flat vertical handle and knob finial, which was likely used for libations or for pouring liquid into a larger vessel.
South Arabia, 2nd–3rd century CE
LNS 1772 M
Silver ladle
Property of Ya‘lagadd, husband of Labu’, inscribed along the length of the handle: Ya‘lagadd Qasm Tk deposited it with the assistance of his domestic god.
Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, south-west of Shabwa), c. 150-200 CE
LNS 1782 M
Small silverbottle
Probably used to contain essential
oils.
South Arabia, 1st-3rd century CE
LNS 1696 M
Statuette of Aphrodite
Bronze statuette of a crowned figure, representing Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty, adorned with armlets and bracelets.
South Arabia, 50–100 CE
LNS 1713 M
Two gilded silver boxes
Silver boxes from a toiletry set belonging to
Abina‘am.
Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, south-west of Shabwa), c. 150–200 CE
LNS 1694 M, LNS 1695 M b
Inscriptions: Abina‘am she of {the house of} ‘Allan
Two gilded silver boxes
Silver boxes from a toiletry set belonging to
Abina‘am.
Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, south-west of Shabwa), c. 150–200 CE
LNS 1694 M, LNS 1695 M b
Inscriptions: Abina‘am she of {the house of} ‘Allan
Two silver boxes
Gilded silver cosmetic boxes, worked in repoussé and decorated with vertical flutes on the body and a sixteen-petalled rosette outlined by a beaded border on the lid.
Possibly Wadi Dura (central Yemen, southwest of Shabwa), c. 150–200 CE
LNS 1695 M c-d
Votive bronze plaque
Inscribed plaque decorated with borders of rosettes and birds, offered in the Mani‘ sanctuary of Maryamat by Sharh Khasbar, a Minaean (citizen from the kingdom of Ma‘in), probably from Yathill (modern Baraqish), to the god Hawkam. The offering was made to appeal to the god for protection of the dedicant and his family and to secure the preservation of the plaque. ‘Adi Harib (ancient Maryamat, central Yemen, south of Ma’rib), early 1st century CE
LNS 1749 M
Votive statuette
Small bronze statuette of a worshipper, of a type dedicated to temple deities, clad with a wrap-up cloth (wizar or futa) and adorned with armlets.
South Arabia, 2nd–1st century BCE
LNS 1717 M
Gold earring
Disc earring with a suspended dodecahedral bead, closely related to examples from the late Greek and Roman periods.
South Arabia, 1st-2nd century CE
LNS 5072 J
It started with a fascination with history, art and, above all, beauty.
It grew into an intellectual pursuit. It became the Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah. That was the journey of Nasser Sabah al-Ahmad al-Sabah (1948 – 2020), my husband - the visionary collector and founder of The al-Sabah Collection. Initially, Nasser looked to the east to explore the influences of ancient cultures on the art of the Islamic lands he so appreciated. Ultimately though, he didn’t have to look far to unearth the roots of the art in his collection. It was here that he found it, in the cradle of Islam, in the land of ancient South Arabia; in the art of Saudi Arabia and the Sultanate of Oman; and, needless to say, in the great heritage of Yemen.
This exhibition is the result of the shared affection and knowledge of collectors and scholars. It is a challenge to visitors, from the Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah and The al-Sabah Collection, to expand their understanding of the region’s history, art and culture. Through the objects in this exhibition, visitors are invited to explore the rich heritage of South Arabia, experiencing the ancient past and it’s continued influence on art and culture today.
As part of the celebration of Kuwait, Arab Capital of Culture and Media, the Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah and The al-Sabah Collection offer Art Of Ancient Arabia: Heritage Of Our Ancestors.
Hussa Sabah al-Salem al-Sabah
Director General, Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah
Owner, The al-Sabah Collection
History and Identity
Ancient Arabia occupies a special place in The al-Sabah Collection, which illustrates many facets of the history of art, particularly Islamic arts. Sheikh Nasser Sabah al-Ahmad and Sheikha Hussa Sabah al-Salem recognised very early that the arts of ancient Arabia played an important role in the formation of the arts of the Islamic world, which recent research is beginning to recognize. As an illustration, it is enough to mention the use of calligraphy as a decorative motif on monuments and luxury objects. The al-Sabah Collection includes several hundred pieces that illustrate the brilliant past of pre-Islamic Arabia.
The richest and most developed areas of ancient Arabia were those engaged in long-distance trade with the countries of the Egypt-Levant-Mesopotamia arc and Persia. The goods exported were primarily luxury products, either produced locally in the south of the peninsula such as resins (frankincense and myrrh) or in transit from Africa (such as gold, ivory and precious woods) or India (like spices).
Most of the urban sites of ancient Arabia were in the southwest of the peninsula, now Yemen, and the border regions of what are now Saudi Arabia and Oman, an area that can be called South Arabia. Spectacular remains are still visible, including city walls, temples, palaces and irrigation works. But there were also some important towns in the oases in the northwest of the peninsula (Dédān, Taymāʾ and Dūma) and in the east (Hajar).
The economic and political weight of South Arabia far surpassed that of other regions. This is reflected in the fact that 90% of the ancient remains that still exist come from the region. It is therefore not surprising that all the pieces presented in this exhibition come from South Arabia.
Pre-Islamic Arabia: A history of more than 1,400 years
The history of Arabia begins with the appearance of writing around 900 BCE. We then write with an alphabet specific to Arabia, called the “Arabic alphabet” (different from the Arabic alphabet which appeared 1350 years later). The first real texts date from the period 750 - 650 BCE. They come from the oldest kingdoms of Arabia: Sabaʾ, Maʿîn, Qatabân and Ḥaḍramawt in Yemen, Dédân, Taymāʾ and Dūmat in northwest Arabia. Each of these kingdoms has its own language.
The last kingdom of ancient Arabia, that of Ḥimyar, disappeared around 570-575 CE. The total span of pre-Islamic history is approximately 1400 years. It is comparable to that of Islamic history (from 622 to 2023 of the Christian era, or 1400 years).
The South Arabians
The kingdoms that were the most developed and lasting were those of Yemen. These kingdoms certainly belonged to the same cultural and political entity. They used the same writing and used it for the same purposes. They used the same symbolic repertoire and the same construction techniques. However, they are distinguished by language and by the deities they worshiped.
The sources do not indicate the name that these populations gave themselves collectively. This is why the term “South Arabian” (relating to the south of the Arabian Peninsula) was created by 20th century scholars to name the civilisation of ancient southern Arabia.
Are South Arabians Arabs?
The term “Arabs” appeared in the Middle East in the 8th century BCE. At that time, it designated marginal and unorganized populations, on the fringes of great civilisations. The designation spread to the populations of the Arabian Peninsula after the conquests of Alexander (330 - 323 BCE), which expanded the known world. In Arabia in this period, populations defined themselves according to the tribe or kingdom to which they belong.
In Late Antiquity, the dominant power was the Yemenite kingdom of Ḥimyar. It includes a large part of the Arabian Peninsula and, therefore, had numerous Arab populations. These populations were the ‘other’ and refered to as "the Arabs of Ḥimyar".
The wars of the 6th century CE and the founding of Islamic governments reversed the balance of power. From the 7th century, Arab identity became predominant. It is now the Arabs who include the Ḥimyarites.
It started with a fascination with history, art and, above all, beauty.
It grew into an intellectual pursuit. It became the Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah. That was the journey of Nasser Sabah al-Ahmad al-Sabah (1948 – 2020), my husband - the visionary collector and founder of The al-Sabah Collection. Initially, Nasser looked to the east to explore the influences of ancient cultures on the art of the Islamic lands he so appreciated. Ultimately though, he didn’t have to look far to unearth the roots of the art in his collection. It was here that he found it, in the cradle of Islam, in the land of ancient South Arabia; in the art of Saudi Arabia and the Sultanate of Oman; and, needless to say, in the great heritage of Yemen.
This exhibition is the result of the shared affection and knowledge of collectors and scholars. It is a challenge to visitors, from the Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah and The al-Sabah Collection, to expand their understanding of the region’s history, art and culture. Through the objects in this exhibition, visitors are invited to explore the rich heritage of South Arabia, experiencing the ancient past and it’s continued influence on art and culture today.
As part of the celebration of Kuwait, Arab Capital of Culture and Media, the Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah and The al-Sabah Collection offer Art Of Ancient Arabia: Heritage Of Our Ancestors.
Hussa Sabah al-Salem al-Sabah
Director General, Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah
Owner, The al-Sabah Collection
History and Identity
Ancient Arabia occupies a special place in The al-Sabah Collection, which illustrates many facets of the history of art, particularly Islamic arts. Sheikh Nasser Sabah al-Ahmad and Sheikha Hussa Sabah al-Salem recognised very early that the arts of ancient Arabia played an important role in the formation of the arts of the Islamic world, which recent research is beginning to recognize. As an illustration, it is enough to mention the use of calligraphy as a decorative motif on monuments and luxury objects. The al-Sabah Collection includes several hundred pieces that illustrate the brilliant past of pre-Islamic Arabia.
The richest and most developed areas of ancient Arabia were those engaged in long-distance trade with the countries of the Egypt-Levant-Mesopotamia arc and Persia. The goods exported were primarily luxury products, either produced locally in the south of the peninsula such as resins (frankincense and myrrh) or in transit from Africa (such as gold, ivory and precious woods) or India (like spices).
Most of the urban sites of ancient Arabia were in the southwest of the peninsula, now Yemen, and the border regions of what are now Saudi Arabia and Oman, an area that can be called South Arabia. Spectacular remains are still visible, including city walls, temples, palaces and irrigation works. But there were also some important towns in the oases in the northwest of the peninsula (Dédān, Taymāʾ and Dūma) and in the east (Hajar).
The economic and political weight of South Arabia far surpassed that of other regions. This is reflected in the fact that 90% of the ancient remains that still exist come from the region. It is therefore not surprising that all the pieces presented in this exhibition come from South Arabia.
Pre-Islamic Arabia: A history of more than 1,400 years
The history of Arabia begins with the appearance of writing around 900 BCE. We then write with an alphabet specific to Arabia, called the “Arabic alphabet” (different from the Arabic alphabet which appeared 1350 years later). The first real texts date from the period 750 - 650 BCE. They come from the oldest kingdoms of Arabia: Sabaʾ, Maʿîn, Qatabân and Ḥaḍramawt in Yemen, Dédân, Taymāʾ and Dūmat in northwest Arabia. Each of these kingdoms has its own language.
The last kingdom of ancient Arabia, that of Ḥimyar, disappeared around 570-575 CE. The total span of pre-Islamic history is approximately 1400 years. It is comparable to that of Islamic history (from 622 to 2023 of the Christian era, or 1400 years).
The South Arabians
The kingdoms that were the most developed and lasting were those of Yemen. These kingdoms certainly belonged to the same cultural and political entity. They used the same writing and used it for the same purposes. They used the same symbolic repertoire and the same construction techniques. However, they are distinguished by language and by the deities they worshiped.
The sources do not indicate the name that these populations gave themselves collectively. This is why the term “South Arabian” (relating to the south of the Arabian Peninsula) was created by 20th century scholars to name the civilisation of ancient southern Arabia.
Are South Arabians Arabs?
The term “Arabs” appeared in the Middle East in the 8th century BCE. At that time, it designated marginal and unorganized populations, on the fringes of great civilisations. The designation spread to the populations of the Arabian Peninsula after the conquests of Alexander (330 - 323 BCE), which expanded the known world. In Arabia in this period, populations defined themselves according to the tribe or kingdom to which they belong.
In Late Antiquity, the dominant power was the Yemenite kingdom of Ḥimyar. It includes a large part of the Arabian Peninsula and, therefore, had numerous Arab populations. These populations were the ‘other’ and refered to as "the Arabs of Ḥimyar".
The wars of the 6th century CE and the founding of Islamic governments reversed the balance of power. From the 7th century, Arab identity became predominant. It is now the Arabs who include the Ḥimyarites.
Amricani Cultural Centre
(the Historic American Hospital Buildings)
Gulf Road, next to the National
Assembly Buildings
Phone: +965 2240 0992
Fax: +965 2246 7770
Museum Hours
Please check the museum's hours on our website, in the visits page
Office Hours
Sunday - Thursday
8:00 AM - 1:30 PM
Museum Shop Hours
Sunday – Thursday
9:00 AM – 3:00 PM
Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah
National Council for Culture,
Arts and Letters
P.O. Box 23996, Safat 13100, Kuwait
Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah,
The al-Sabah Collection
Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah,
The al-Sabah Collection
Tel: +965 2240 1992
Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah,
The al-Sabah Collection
Amricani Cultural Centre
(the Historic American Hospital Buildings)
Gulf Road, next to the National
Assembly Buildings
Phone: +965 2240 0992
Fax: +965 2246 7770
Museum Hours
Please check the museum's hours on our website, in the visits page
Office Hours
Sunday - Thursday
8:00 AM - 1:30 PM
Museum Shop Hours
Sunday – Thursday
9:00 AM – 3:00 PM
Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah
National Council for Culture,
Arts and Letters
P.O. Box 23996, Safat 13100, Kuwait
Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah,
The al-Sabah Collection
Tel: +965 2240 1992